JAVASCRIPT IS DISABLED. Gunfight at the OK Corral (1957) movie cast and crew: Dennis Hopper, Kirk Douglas, Brian G. Hutton, Burt Lancaster, DeForest Kelley, Lee Van Cleef, Arthur Tovey, Jack Elam. If anyone ever lived there permanently, no Apache knew of it. Corral) at which the notorious gun battle took place — Ike Clanton filed murder charges and after a month-long preliminary hearing, Justice of the Peace Wells Spicer ruled the men had acted within the law. Clum hid 100 of his Apache police in the commissary building at Ojo Caliente and on April 21, 1877, they surprised Geronimo, seizing his rifle and throwing him in shackles. At the age of nineteen he graduated at the Hudson River Institute, and entered the freshman class of Rutger’s College, New Brunswick, New Jersey. In November 1870, he was on the Rutgers squad that lost to Princeton 6-2; it may have been the third ever game. But is that what really happened? Indeed, San Carlos was given to the Apaches because the U.S. government knew that no White man would ever want it. Let’s find out. According to Clum, the civil authorities in Tucson did not respond. Clum later became the first mayor of Tombstone, Arizona Territory, after its incorporation in 1881. John P. Clum, of San Bernardino, was born in Claverack, Columbia County, New York, in 1851, and his childhood and youth were passed on the banks of the historic Hudson. Soldiers and their commanding officers sometimes brutally tortured or killed the Indians for sport. Find low everyday prices and buy online for delivery or in-store pick-up. Although Clum was on the team, he did not play in the first intercollegiate game between Rutgers and Princeton on November 6, 1869, but played in the second game in the fall of 1870. Nine years later, he established a newspaper that would become famous throughout much of the world: The Tombstone Epitaph. After the gun battle of October 26, 1881, in a vacant lot owned by renowned photographer Camillus S. Fly of Tombstone — who captured on the scene of the event contemporaneous photographs of the capture of Geronimo, and whose studio and adjacent vacant lot Fly owned became the site (near the O.K. Hart, who freed Geronimo? They used that time to elude the cavalry and flee south. John Clum married thirdly 24 October 1914 in New York City, New York to Florence A. The fact that Geronimo had outwitted him was a major blow to his outsized ego. The stage didn't carry any mail, cash, or silver, so robbery was an unlikely motive for the attack. I kept going without him."[12]. Ike, Wyatt said, drew back and motioned he was not in it. Asa Daklugie, son of Chief Juh and nephew of Geronimo collaborated with Eve Ball on her brilliant book, Indeh: An Apache Odyssey. For decades after, Clum would crow that he was the only man to ever capture Geronimo. Morgan Earp DeForest Kelley. Of the more than 1,000 Chiricahuas enumerated in Jeffords' infrequent censuses, only 42 men and 280 women and children accompanied Clum north. In April 1877 the Interior Department ordered Clum to remove the bands at Ojo Caliente to San Carlos as well. His son, Woodworth, published his biography, "Apache Agent: The Story of John P. Clum," in 1936. He became Tombstone’s first mayor elected under the new city charter of 1881. After two month languishing in the guardhouse at San Carlos, somehow Geronimo and the others were freed. Clum's feuds with the military escalated. He was born in upstate New York in 1851 and attended a military academy before enrolling at Rutgers College where he began a classical education: Latin, Greek, Mathematics, Natural History and Rhetoric. Clum read in a newspaper story that the federal War Department in Washington, D.C. was organizing a meteorological service. Best movies. Clum called him “Skimmy” and thought Eskiminzin was a loyal follower. Clum arrived at San Carlos in the spring of 1875. Hundreds of their people followed in hopeless despair. Wyatt Earp told me afterward he could have killed Ike Clanton. It barely resembled today’s football—no uniforms or helmets, no quarters or halves, and almost no rules (it actually was closer to rugby). See more ideas about wyatt earp, earp, old west. New York, New York, Marriage License Indexes, 1907-2018, Ancestry.com. Was it Clum’s successor, H.L. Two decades later it was made into a movie, "Walk … Lean dogs, mangy, inert.”. Governor Pesqueira of Sonora complained bitterly about the raids, and General Crook tried to figure out how to force the relocation of the raiders to the San Carlos Reservation. Angie Debo, Geronimo’s biographer, says the same and with the same lack of evidence. Thus shackled, they were taken by wagon to San Carlos. Again, according to Clum, when he ordered Geronimo to the guardhouse, the Apache did not move. In 1898, Clum was appointed Postal Inspector for the Alaska Territory and was commissioned to establish a territorial postal service there. Dan Tharp in Conquest of Apacheria writes, without offering his readers any evidence, that Hart released Geronimo. Some Indian agents sought the position only as a means to line their own pocket, selling government-supplied food and clothing and keeping the profits for themselves. While mayor he became lifelong friends with Wyatt Earp and became one of his greatest supporters. We could never put our hands definitely on those who were doing it. [5] Victorio and the Chihenne Chiricahuas acquiesced at first. Two weeks later he was dispatched to Santa Fe, New Mexico, where he became a weather observer. Definitions of John_Clum, synonyms, antonyms, derivatives of John_Clum, analogical dictionary of John_Clum (English) Clum wrote of his first impression: “Of all the desolate, isolated, human habitations! Facebook gives people the power to share and makes the world more open and connected. Clum was later named postmaster for Fairbanks, Alaska, and served in that position until 1909. Faced with superior officers who strongly disagreed with his methods, dogged by an uncaring Indian Bureau administration and under constant harassment by the Army, Clum was frustrated. Who was the only man to release Geronimo from captivity? Ed Bailey Lee Van Cleef. Clum knew that a number of Indian Agents had already come and gone. In the story line, Clum recruits an elite team of Apaches to aid the U.S. Cavalry in the Southwest but faces opposition within the white community. Knowing his shackled brother-in-law was headed to San Carlos, Chief Juh rode ahead. John Clum’s opportunity to capture or kill Geronimo came in March 1877. In September, 1867, he entered the Hudson River Institute (later known as Claverack College), a military academy in Claverack, New York. In truth the chief kissed up to Clum as the only way he could save the remnants of his people. John Clum: The Only Man To Ever Capture Geronimo! Santa Cruz Farmers’ Market Has It Going On! The brackish, warm water Daklugie referred to was just right for breeding millions of mosquitos. Geronimo, on the other hand, was defiant. In 1928 he moved to Los Angeles, where he lived until his death in 1932 at age 80. Clum became the first mayor of Tombstone and also the first publisher of the Tombstone Epitaph before moving in 1886 to San Bernardino where he engaged in the real estate business. John Harris Behan (October 24, 1844 – June 7, 1912) was Sheriff of Cochise County in the Arizona Territory, during the gunfight at the O.K. He also founded the still-operating The Tombstone Epitaph on May 1, 1880. John Philip Clum, the Federal Indian Agent portrayed by Audie Murphy in Walk the Proud Land (1956), was in fact, Woodworth Crum's father. The journey would take three weeks. H. L. Hart succeeded him. On May 1, 1882, two years to the day after he started The Tombstone Epitaph, he sold it and left Tombstone. But Taza and younger brother, Naiche only had authority over the Chokonen band. As the Indian agent at the San Carlos Apache Reservation in Arizona for three years in the 1870s, John Philip Clum (1851­1932) was Eskiminzin’s friend and Geronimo’s enemy. His parents were William Henry and Elizabeth van Deusen Clum of Dutch and German descent; he had five brothers and three sisters: Henry W. Clum, Jane E. Clum, Cornelia Clum, Sarah E. Clum, George A. Clum, Robert A. Clum, Cornelius N. Clum, and Alfred Clum.[1]. Tris Coffin was cast as Captain Loren Phillips and John Considine as Lago.[20]. Universal's release "Walk the Proud Land" starred Audie Murphy in the role of John P. Clum, Apache Indian Agent and later founder of the Tombstone Epitaph. Clum headed off with a police force of about 102 Apaches led by Captain Clay Beauford. 'Get in this, Ike, or get out!' They sought out a candidate at Rutgers to run the reservation and were connected with Clum. He helped organize the Tombstone Vigilance Committee to fight the prevailing lawlessness of the early 1880’s. What possible motive would he have had? Price Match Guarantee. His description of the reservation was not complimentary. Thomas J. Jeffords, who was Indian Agent to the reservation, lost influence when Cochise died on June 8, 1874. But if he did in fact capture Geronimo in 1877, why was the Bedonkohe warrior free to raid for another nine years. Mary died on 18 December 1880, in Tombstone, Arizona, of fever, about one week after giving birth to a daughter named Bessie. According to Clum, “Every bit of superfluous camp equipment was cast aside. Join Facebook to connect with John P Clum and others you may know. While they aren't looking to find trouble, trouble soon finds them when they become targets of the ruthless Cowboy gang. Showing some regret over his rash decision to resign his post as Agent for San Carlos, Clum wrote in 1928: Had I remained in authority at San Carlos there is not the least doubt in my mind that [Geronimo] would have been speedily brought to trail … and his career would have ended abruptly then and there. Geronimo and 16 warriors complied. “From his demeanor it was evident to all that he was hesitating between two purposes, whether to draw is knife, his only remaining weapon, cut right and left and die fighting – or to surrender. Wickiups, covered with brush and grass, old blankets, or deerskins, smoky, smelly. John Clum became one of those legendary characters from Tombstone's infamous past. He got to Benson the next day and then returned to Tombstone. “We have come to demand that you turn the prisoners loose. Our story begins in 1875. He was breathing. In an innovative approach John Gilchriese annotated Clum's article, providing the reader with a much more interesting and informative narrative of the events that took place in Tombstone on October 25, 1881. According to Clum, Geronimo and Chief Juh agreed to take their people to San Carlos. John Clum was born on a farm near Claverack, New York, USA. Some members of the tribe continued raiding into the Mexican states Sonora and Chihuahua. Elizabeth was sickly and died the following summer.[9]:117[10]. He was married and had two children, but his wife divorced him, accusing him of consorting with prostitutes. From the very beginning they quarreled with the other Apaches confined there. How did John Clum's first wife die?, Mark, Boardman, True West, History of the American Frontier. The heat was terrible. While the death rate was high among the adults, malaria was virtually an automatic death sentence for their infants. They also ignored prior political differences and military alliances. While Geronimo and the six others were shackled in the guardhouse, Chiefs Juh and Eskiminzin confronted Clum at his headquarters. Feeble and disabled horses were killed. There he became a lifelong friend of Wyatt Earp. John P Clum is on Facebook. 1 of 2 John P. Clum, the mayor of Tombstone, Ariz., at the time of the shootout at the OK Corral, began his Old West career as a weather watcher in Santa Fe, says a new biography. He was replaced by a series of agents who were renowned for their corruption. "[12], Clum's friendship with the Earps and loyalty to the business leadership made him a target for the outlaw Cochise County Cowboys. At this point, all Geronimo saw was the arrogant young agent and his six Apache police. By executive order, the President gave jurisdiction over Fort Apache Indian Reservation in the White Mountains and its impoverished twin to the south, the San Carlos Apache Indian Reservation, to the Dutch Reformed Church. He advanced with 22 Apache policemen, having ordered Beauford to bring his 80 the next day. For the next two years he published editorials criticizing "the Army of Arizona and the political double-crossers in Washington". We didn't pay a lot of attention to them at first, but after a few months it became most unbearable. Two months later, Victorio, Loco, and 308 other Chiricahuas bolted for New Mexico, killing twelve ranchers before surrendering at Fort Wingate in early October. During Clum's tenure at San Carlos, he treated the Apaches as friends, established the first Indian Tribal Police and a Tribal Court, forming a system of Indian self-rule. The Apaches, who were supposed to be fed and housed by their caretakers, rarely saw the results of the federal money and suffered as a result. John Philip Clum (September 1, 1851 - May 2, 1932) was an Indian agent for the San Carlos Apache Indian Reservation in the Arizona Territory. He blamed Geronimo. At that time San Carlos Reservation was a makeshift camp on the salt flats at the confluence of the Gila and San Carlos Rivers. He called to Ike. Nearly all of the vegetation was cacti; and though in season a little cactus fruit was produced, the rest of the year the food was lacking. Asa Daklugie, son of Chief Juh and nephew of Geronimo. Rip sprang forward and snatched the knife from Geronimo’s belt, while the muzzles of a half-dozen needle guns … pressed toward him – their locks clicking almost in unison as their hammers were drawn back.”. He later served in various postal service positions across the United States. Neither Chief Juh (pronounced Ho) of the Nednhi group nor Geronimo of the Bedonkohi band seemed to be happy to leave the Chiricahua and Dragoon Mountain and take their people to San Carlos. Ohio, County Marriages, 1774-1993, Ancestry.com. Clum then added, “You must go, now,” Geronimo sprang to his feet. San Carlos Guardhouse and Apache Policemen. Learn how and when to remove these template messages, Learn how and when to remove this template message, https://truewestmagazine.com/how-did-john-clums-first-wife-die/, "San Dimas Remembered – John P. Clum, Indian Agent", "Decision of Judge Wells Spicer after the Preliminary Hearing in the Earp-Holliday Case", "Ex-Mayor Finds Town He Fled In Hail of Lead Quiet Now", "John Philip Clum, Gold Rush Postal Inspector", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=John_Clum&oldid=999118610, Burials at Forest Lawn Memorial Park (Glendale), Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles needing additional references from February 2011, All articles needing additional references, Articles lacking reliable references from February 2011, Articles with multiple maintenance issues, Articles with unsourced statements from September 2018, Articles with self-published sources from January 2018, Wikipedia articles with SNAC-ID identifiers, Wikipedia articles with WORLDCATID identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, Only government agent to peacefully capture, This page was last edited on 8 January 2021, at 15:55. According to this Arizona Memory Project piece, the Epitaph was founded by Republicans John P. Clum, Thomas Sorin, and Charles Reppy. Fly. Eskiminzin said, “You will do it, and you will do it right now or we’ll have every Apache on the reservation on your back.” Clum led the way to the guardhouse and ordered the prisoners released. With a discrete signal, Capt. Wyatt was operating the Dexter Saloon at the time. He was willing. Three miles farther along the road a bullet tore through my coat and lead brought down my horse. [2] After an investigation of political abuses within the Office of Indian Affairs, the government gave Protestant religious groups the responsibility for managing the Indian reservations. John Clum was born on a farm near Claverack, New York, USA. The movie was based on "Apache Agent" (1936), a biography he wrote of his father that was published four years after his death. They tried to apply a "one-size-fits-all" strategy to deal with the "Indian problem". Presidio Garrison Living History Second Saturdays, Helping You Navigate Social Security Disability Benefits During COVID-19, Digital Marketing Strategies For Small Businesses, Wings Over Willcox Birding & Nature Festival, A Story of Miracle Mountain in the Mule Mountains near Bisbee, AZ. The stagecoach was fired upon by unknown assailants. [11] Clum later observed, There had been a lot of talk about the justification of the fight. United States Federal Census Records, Ancestry.com. We received warnings, written in blood. The text of this book is taken from John P. Clum's 1929 article in the Arizona Historical Review, now a very rare item. He also attended religious services at the Dutch Reformed Church. Although various articles list Stuart Lake's 1931 book "Wyatt Earp, Frontier Marshall" as an additional source text for the film, the book is not credited in the SAB or any contemporary reviews. Oct 21, 2012 - Former Indian Agent John P. Clum-Mayor of Tombstone and Publisher of the Tombstone Epitaph.The Republican Paper. Home Streaming & DVD New on Netflix New on Hulu New on Amazon Prime Movies In Theaters Coming Soon Showtimes & Tickets Movie Theaters Made In ... 'Tombstone Epitaph' Editor John P. Clum. Understandably, the Apaches at San Carlos thought San Carlos in general and malaria in particular was the White-Eyes punishment for past depredations. John P. Clum, Tombstone Epitaph – 1950 Arizona Newspapers Association Hall of Fame John P. Clum, Indian Agent by Martha Glauthier, San Dimas Historical Society Nantan: The Life and Times of John P. Clum Volume 1 Claverack to Tombstone (2007) by Gary Ledoux / … Here, according to Daklugie, the Apaches experienced the “shaking disease”. He and his newspaper had consistently supported the lawmen. [8] The newspaper is still published today as a nationally distributed chronicle of the old west. He left his post as Indian Agent at noon on July 1, 1877, nearly three years after he had arrived. [2] Clum's strenuous activity and competitive athletics left him ill and in his second year of college he was unable to earn enough money to pay for his tuition. [2], John Clum married first 8 November 1876 in Delaware County, Ohio to Mary "Mollie" Ware. “San Carlos! Clum spent several years touring the country for the Southern Pacific Railroad, giving hundreds of lectures all over the country to promote tourism and passenger-use of the railroad. Mary is buried in Boot Hill at Tombstone. Clum resigned as Agent for San Carlos Apache Reservation July 1, 1877. In December 1880, his wife Mary had a daughter Elizabeth, called Bessie, but Mary died soon after on December 18, 1880. It was released in September, 1956 and received excellent reviews. John P. Clum will be known in the history of Arizona and the West better as the “White Chief of the Apaches” than as the crusading founder and editor of the Tombstone Epitaph, but in both pursuits he was an outstanding figure. One Apache said that he thought they were forced to live at San Carlos because the Americans “want us to die”. In 1876, President Grant revoked the Chiricahua Apache Reservation that had been given to Cochise when he and General Howard worked out a peace agreement four years earlier. In January Virgil Earp was maimed in an assassination attempt and in March Morgan was murdered. Clum was certain that in Tucson Geronimo and the others would be quickly tried, convicted and executed. [6], President U.S Grant established the San Carlos Reservation on December 14, 1872. [19] He was survived by his third wife, Florence, a son Woodworth, and a daughter Caro Kingsland Clum Vachon. In 1877, John Clum, Agent for the San Carlos Apache Reservation, became the only man to ever capture Geronimo. Thus began Clum’s personal obsession to either capture or kill the wily Apache. He applied for and was inducted into the US Army Signal Corps on September 14, 1871 with the rank of Observer Sergeant. Wyatt Earp (Kurt Russell) and his brothers, Morgan (Bill Paxton) and Virgil (Sam Elliott), have left their gunslinger ways behind them to settle down and start a business in the town of Tombstone, Ariz. Friend of Wyatt. [7] His successor freed Geronimo and his men, leading to fifteen years of bloodshed and Indian wars until Geronimo was re-captured by General Miles on September 4, 1886, finally ending the Indian Wars. At the age of 22, a cocky, ambitious John Clum was appointed to the post of Agent for the San Carlos Apache Reservation. When Wyatt, his brothers Virgil and Morgan, and Wyatt’s close friend Doc Holliday, shot and killed 3 “cowboys” on Fremont Street near the OK Corral, he was one of their staunchest supporters. Other television series or films with reference to Clum include: Indian agent for the San Carlos Apache Indian Reservation in the Arizona Territory, Rural outlaw cowboys and allies vs. business owners, townspeople, and the law. The firing of Jeffords and the abolition of the reservation in southeastern Arizona drove the Chiricahuas deeper into Mexico or over to the Ojo Caliente Reservation in the New Mexico Territory. John Clum. Clum wrote an autobiography, Apache Days and Tombstone Nights: John Clum's Autobiography, 1877 - 1887, and he became a newspaper editor and wrote a great deal. Following the great silver strike in Tombstone, in 1877, Clum moved to Tombstone and began publication, on Saturday, May 1, 1880 of the The Tombstone Epitaph. On December 14, Clum was on a stagecoach en route to Benson to catch a train for Washington, D.C., where he planned to spend Christmas with his parents and son. His life before Tombstone is just as interesting, but that story is known only to a few. [7] Throughout his life, Clum believed that his work among the Apache was the finest and noblest work he had ever done.[2]. John Clum briefly made his mark in the world of college football. [2], He arrived at the San Carlos Reservation on Tuesday, August 4, 1874. John Clum married secondly 6 Feb 1883 in the District of Columbia, to Belle Atwood. © 2010 - 2020 Southern Arizona Guide, LLC Design by Devil Dog Productions, LLC, Making Lemonade | The Mini Time Machine Museum of Miniatures, Art in the Park – Exuberance: An Artistic Botanical Experience, SculptureTucson & TBG to Unveil New Exhibit, First Sunday of the month Antique Vintage Fair, Mexican Mondays at Catalina Brewing Company. The Tombstone Epitaph building – The Tombstone Epitaph newspaper was established in this building, constructed in 1880 at 11 S. 5th Street, as a Republican paper under the operation of John P. Clum, Thomas Sorin, and later that year, Charles Reppy. Dogs were strangled, lest their bark betray the route taken by the renegades.”. I decided to settle elsewhere. His first job out of college was as a “weather observer” in the Great American Southwest. Chief Daklugie told Ms. Ball what really happened. How did John Clum's first wife die?, Mark Boardman, True West, History of the American Frontier, Ohio, County Marriages, 1774-1993, Ancestry.com, District of Columbia, Compiled Marriage Index, 1830-1921, Ancestry.com, New York, New York, Marriage License Indexes, 1907-2018, Ancestry.com. He returned to his father's farm in the summer of 1871. [2] He inherited a legacy of violence and mayhem, and a military presence which showed both animosity toward the Indians and disdain for the civilian Indian Agents. The next morning, Clum sent word to Geronimo to come to the agency with his principle leaders for a talk. [8], After silver was discovered in Tombstone in 1877, Clum moved to Tombstone and began publication, on Saturday, May 1, 1880 of The Tombstone Epitaph. Whit Bissell (John P. Clum) appeared in that series famous episode The Trouble With Tribbles. Photo by C.S. John Clum was the only man to capture Geronimo. He obtained a classical education, studying among other subjects Latin, Greek, Mathematics (including algebra), Natural History (including physiology) and Rhetoric. Tucson Botanical Gardens, 2150 N Alvernon Way, Tucson, 85712, The Mini Time Machine Museum of Miniatures. Where there is no grass there is no game. While Clum is mostly remembered today for publishing accounts of the most famous gunfight in Old West history and its bloody aftermath, he was equally proud of another accomplishment before his Tombstone days. It would be more than 50 years before the White-Eyes would hear the story from the Apache perspective. Cochise's sons Taza and Naiche agreed to the move and killed several Chircahuas, including Eskinya, Cochise's trusted ally, when he insisted they go to war. See more ideas about tombstone, earp, american history. And he was a member of the Dutch Reformed Church. Clum encouraged them to take up the peaceful pursuits of farming and raising cattle. In September 1872, Cochise negotiated a reservation for his people from the Dragoon Mountains on the west to the Peloncillo Mountains on the east. 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D.C., all Indians were alike ladies but raising havoc sluggish river was brackish and warm..! Next two years he published editorials criticizing `` the Army disliked Clum first... Run but Beauford was already in position to level his rifle at them and they in... With John P Clum and others you May know now the story gets really interesting tribes, cultures customs... But his wife divorced him, accusing him of consorting with prostitutes 1,000 enumerated. Early 1880 ’ s personal obsession to either capture or kill Geronimo came in March 1877 territorial... Mosquitos in turn delivered the protozoan parasite that invades red blood cells and causes the and... Brush and grass, old west Carlos in the District of Columbia, Belle! Man comes in the guardhouse, the Epitaph was founded by Republicans John P.,... In … Best movies of Geronimo, described San Carlos Rivers the same and with the `` Indian problem.! Once Clum had been a lot of attention to them at first, but after a few months it most... Mines: how much were they really Worth Angeles, where he became a friend.
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