Its thin skin is also edible, and so it does not have to be peeled. and Solanum melongena var. The Greek loans took a variety of forms, but crucially they began with m-, partly because Greek lacked the initial b- sound and partly through folk-etymological association with the Greek word μέλας (melas), 'black'. Shop a huge online selection at eBay.com. When plants have a couple of true leaves, repot them in a larger container using potting mix and an appropriate organic fertilizer. For greenhouse and garden/field growing. Oval or elongated oval-shaped and black-skinned cultivars include 'Harris Special Hibush', 'Burpee Hybrid', 'Bringal Bloom', 'Black Magic', 'Classic', 'Dusky', and 'Black Beauty'. Florida Market – This is one of the most common varieties available. There are also two major varieties of eggplant known as European and Chinese eggplants with the latter being a slightly lighter purple that is also less brownish. The French name was then borrowed into British English, appearing there first in the late eighteenth century. An actual S. violaceum, an unrelated plant described by Ortega, included Dunal's S. amblymerum and was often confused with the same author's S. The dish is characteristically served with the stalk attached. Contact dermatitis from eggplant leaves[61] and allergy to eggplant flower pollen[62] have also been reported. Pruning Eggplant Suckers. Given its rich history, it’s no surprise that this warm-season crop has become a mainstay in the kitchen. Harvest by cutting the stem of the fruit. If the soil is warm enough, germination should occur within ten days. It was originally domesticated from the wild nightshade species thorn or bitter apple, S. incanum,[6][7][8] probably with two independent domestications: one in South Asia, and one in East Asia. Broad, dark purple egg-shaped fruits range between 4-6 inches in diameter. As a color, eggplant is a bold and warm color that is perceived as unusual due to the relative rarity of purples in nature. You’ll want to use a slow-release, balanced fertilizer at the time of planting and supplement throughout the season. Through the colonial expansion of Portugal, the Portuguese form bringella was borrowed into a variety of other languages: Thus although Indian English brinjal ultimately originates in languages of the Indian Subcontinent, it actually came into Indian English via Portuguese. If temperatures are consistently at or below 60°F, there won’t be much of a harvest. [12] The numerous Arabic and North African names for it, along with the lack of the ancient Greek and Roman names, indicate it was grown throughout the Mediterranean area by the Arabs in the early Middle Ages, who introduced it to Spain in the 8th century. In tropical and subtropical climates, eggplant can be sown in the garden. Once in the ground, they tend to get along pretty well. Eggplant prefers hot weather, and when grown in cold climates or in areas with low humidity, the plants languish or fail to set and produce mature fruit. Once infected, remove plants immediately. Names for various eggplant types, such as agreste, album, divaricatum, esculentum, giganteum, globosi, inerme, insanum, leucoum, luteum, multifidum, oblongo-cylindricum, ovigera, racemiflorum, racemosum, ruber, rumphii, sinuatorepandum, stenoleucum, subrepandum, tongdongense, variegatum, violaceum, viride, are not considered to refer to anything more than cultivar groups at best. SKU: 7047. Days to harvest:73 - … These gorgeous types of eggplant are known for their long, skinny shape and delicate flavor. From Arabic, the word was borrowed into European languages. GARDENER'S PATH® IS A REGISTERED TRADEMARK OF ASK THE EXPERTS LLC. Eggplant is nutritionally low in macronutrient and micronutrient content, but the capability of the fruit to absorb oils and flavors into its flesh through cooking expands its use in the culinary arts. Harden off transplants for a few days, even those bought from the nursery, by slowly getting them used to the outdoors. Bright purple flowers add beauty to this compact, edible ornamental. Item #45101. Eggplants can also be battered before deep-frying and served with a sauce made of tahini and tamarind. Scopoli's S. zeylanicum refers to the eggplant, and that of Blanco to S. Eggplants grow well in containers, too. Verticillium wilt in particular is caused by soil-borne fungi that can survive for more than ten years, even without a host present. As a member of the genus Solanum, it is related to the tomato and potato. In the beginning of the season, you can also lay black plastic over the soil to get the temperature up. Flowers are complete, containing both female and male structures, and may be self- or cross-pollinated.[54]. The plant species is believed to have originated in India, where it continues to grow wild,[10] or in Africa. Quantity . Other pests that like to make a meal out of eggplant include cutworms and spider mites. With that said, give plants a little shake here and there to further improve chances for pollination. Some cultivars have a color gradient—white at the stem, to bright pink, deep purple or even black. So, while hoop houses and row covers are great tools, you may have a smaller harvest if you keep crops enclosed throughout the entire growing season. Fried, sautéed, baked, breaded, stuffed, or roasted, this versatile edible can easily serve as the main dish or stand alone as a side. It can be stuffed. I successfully planted a few eggplants and was able to enjoy their fruits. esculentum ‘Black Beauty’ (called the common eggplant) is the most commonly used eggplant variety for cooking, although many other varieties are available. The Dravidian word was borrowed into the Indic languages, giving ancient forms such as Sanskrit and Pali vātiṅ-gaṇa (alongside Sanskrit vātigama) and Prakrit vāiṃaṇa. Roasted, skinned, mashed, mixed with onions, tomatoes, and spices, and then slow cooked gives the South Asian dish baingan bharta or gojju, similar to salată de vinete in Romania. In al-Andalus, the Arabic word (al-)bāḏinjān was borrowed into the Romance languages in forms beginning with b- or, with the definite article included, alb-: The Spanish word alberenjena was then borrowed into French, giving aubergine (along with French dialectal forms like albergine, albergaine, albergame, and belingèle). The sweet spot for fruit production is between 70 and 85°F. The eggplant was sometimes considered a variety violaceum of that species. With additional writing by Gretchen Heber. Most commonly purple, the spongy, absorbent fruit is used in several cuisines. Add To Cart. Typically used as a vegetable in cooking, it is a berry by botanical definition. If you've only ever picked up an eggplant at the grocery store, you may think that each and every eggplant is the same large, oblong, and deep purple. I assume the hard fruits are past their prime. They are steamed, stir-fried, or pan-fried and eaten as banchan (side dishes), such as namul, bokkeum, and jeon. They are often deep fried and made into dishes such as yúxiāng-qiézi ("fish fragrance eggplant")[39] or di sān xiān ("three earthen treasures"). Eggplant thrives in full sun, more than 6 hours a day, and fertile, slightly acidic, well draining soil. In Japanese cuisine, eggplants are known as nasu or nasubi and use the same characters as Chinese (茄子). Native to Asia, where it’s still found growing wild as a perennial, eggplant has been used for thousands of years. Early Black Egg Eggplant, 0.25 g. 65 days. To be on the safe side, wait two to three weeks after the last frost in spring to set plants out in the garden. Some other cultivars are white and longer in shape. If they aren’t, and it’s hot and sunny just how they like it, it may be the soil. Okay – so that might be a little dramatic. esculentum (L.) Nees", "Bt Brinjal in Bangladesh: Too early to draw conclusions on contamination, says expert", "Korean restaurant owner cooks from the heart Andy Starnes/Post-Gazette", "All the hallmarks of world-class cuisine", "North, South, Go Pick! This will keep leaves off the ground, which will help to reduce chances for disease and keep fruits from becoming deformed. It can be sliced and deep-fried, then served with plain yogurt (optionally topped with a tomato and garlic sauce), such as in the Turkish dish patlıcan kızartması (meaning fried aubergines), or without yogurt, as in patlıcan şakşuka. Purple eggplants are oval with a bulbous flat bottom that narrows towards the calyx and averages 25 centimeters in length and 5-12 centimeters in diameter. The term guinea in the name originally denoted the fact that the fruits were associated with West Africa. Globe, the giant that might as well be called the “grocery store eggplant”;; Its similar-looking and slightly smaller cousin, Italian; Graffiti (also called Zebra or Sicilian), which is large with purple and white streaks;; Asian (Chinese or Japanese), long and slender, differentiated by their shades of purple, but likely lumped together;; Black Beauty, shaped like a gourd or squat … From Greek, the word was borrowed into Italian and medieval Latin, and onwards into French. While eggplants are moderately heavy feeders, don’t overdo it on the nitrogen. A few proteins and at least one secondary metabolite have been identified as potential allergens. In 2018, world production of eggplants was 54 million tonnes, led by China with 63% of the total and India with 24% (table). Most commonly purple, the spongy, absorbent fruit is used in several cuisines. The white, egg-shaped varieties of the eggplant's fruits are also known as garden eggs,[23] a term first attested in 1811. Produces up to 15 fruits per plant. With so many varieties to choose from and a number of ways to include them in a meal, eggplant makes a great addition to any summer vegetable garden. Parmigiana di melanzane, eggplant parmesan. Scientific Name: Solanum melongena var. Grow them under row covers until they’re large enough to withstand damage. Plants typically grow to be at least 18 inches both wide and tall, so space appropriately to allow for airflow. Eggplant (US,[1] Australia,[2] New Zealand, anglophone Canada), aubergine (UK,[3] Ireland, Quebec, and most of mainland Western Europe) or brinjal (South Asia, Malaysia, South Africa)[4][5] is a plant species in the nightshade family Solanaceae. Florida Market Eggplant . Plain, unamended potting soil doesn’t offer any nutrient value to the plants. If you find eggplant at a farmers market, most likely during the late summer months or in early fall, you will probably come across the numerous sizes and shapes. Raw eggplant is 92% water, 6% carbohydrates, 1% protein, and has negligible fat (table). The less common white varieties of eggplant are also known as Easter white eggplants, garden eggs, Casper or white eggplant. [60] The classic, saturated purple variety that you see in stores is called Black Beauty – and beautiful it is! Germination can take a while to occur if the soil temperature is below 80°F, so your best bet is to invest in a heating mat. Product photos via Generic Seeds, True Leaf Market, and Burpee. For this reason, it should generally not be planted in areas previously occupied by its close relatives. [14] Records exist from later medieval Catalan and Spanish.[15]. These forms also gave rise to the Caribbean English melongene. Anything below 50°F and plants will noticeably suffer, and a bout of frost will take them out altogether. A Levantine specialty is makdous, another pickling of eggplants, stuffed with red peppers and walnuts in olive oil. Well, take a walk through a farmers market mid-summer and you'll realize that couldn't be further from the truth. The eggplant is quite often featured in the older scientific literature under the junior synonyms S. ovigerum and S. trongum. [53], Spacing should be 45 to 60 cm (18 to 24 in) between plants, depending on cultivar, and 60 to 90 cm (24 to 35 in) between rows, depending on the type of cultivation equipment being used. [48] Another popular dish is adobong talong, which is diced eggplant prepared with vinegar, soy sauce, and garlic as an adobo. Or are they annuals and can be pruned? Larger cultivars weighing up to a kilogram (2.2 pounds) grow in the region between the Ganges and Yamuna Rivers, while smaller ones are found elsewhere. Amber Shidler lives in Cincinnati, Ohio and holds a dual bachelor’s degree in botany and geography. Eggplant is widely used in its native India, for example in sambar (a tamarind lentil stew), dalma (a dal preparation with vegetables, native to Odisha), chutney, curry, and achaar (a pickled dish). In Chinese cuisine, eggplants are known as qiézi (茄子). Learn how and when to remove this template message, Imperial examination in Chinese mythology, https://tompepinsky.com/2005/06/20/etymology-of-the-eggplant/#:~:text=In%20Malaysia%2C%20lots%20of%20the,but%20in%20Malaysian%20it's%20brinjal, "A Comparative Genetic Linkage Map of Eggplant (Solanum melongena) and Its Implications for Genome Evolution in the Solanaceae", "Patterns of Food Consumption in Early Modern Iran", Lost Crops of Africa, Volume II: Vegetables, "Eggplant, White — Solanum ovigerum Dun. Maharashtra and the adjacent state of Karnataka also have an eggplant-based vegetarian pilaf called 'vangi bhat' [50].. Eggplant is often stewed, as in the French ratatouille, or deep-fried as in the Italian parmigiana di melanzane, the Turkish karnıyarık, or Turkish, Greek, and Levantine musakka/moussaka, and Middle Eastern and South Asian dishes. Today we planted 6 eggplants. White, yellow, green, and varying shades of purple fruit come in a multitude of shapes and sizes, and are enjoyed all over the world. While growing eggplants may not be for everyone, those wishing to give it a go can find what they need in our eggplant care guide. If you forego a soil test, keep an eye on your plants. [64], Like the potato and S. lichtensteinii, but unlike the tomato, which then was generally put in a different genus, the eggplant was also described as S. esculentum, in this case once more in the course of Dunal's work. 18 to 24 inches plants produce many slender purple-black glossy tender skinned mild flavored fruit with a purple calyx that are over 8 inches long and 7 to 8 ounces. [1902] Fruits are dark purple, high-quality, and of fine flavor. Are plants uprooted every year? The Italian melanzana, through folk-etymology, was adapted to mela insana ('mad apple'): already by the thirteenth century, this name had given rise to a tradition that eggplants could cause insanity. A simple-to-grow cultivar such as “Black Beauty” stretches 24 to 30 inches in height and has a 16-inch spread. [57], The color of purple skin cultivars is due to the anthocyanin nasunin. Flea beetles especially have a real talent for finding any and every eggplant ever grown. [49], Philippine tortang talong, an eggplant omelette made from grilled skinned eggplants, Philippine ensaladang talong, a salad on grilled and skinned green eggplant, Philippine rellenong talong, a variant of tortang talong stuffed with ground meat and various vegetables, Philippine pinakbet, a mixed vegetable dish seasoned with bagoong (fermented shrimp paste). The modern Hindustani words descending directly from the Sanskrit name are baingan and began. Many of the pests and diseases that afflict other solanaceous plants, such as tomato, capsicum, and potato, are also troublesome to eggplants. If long and skinny is more your style, you might like the ‘Millionaire Purple Hybrid’ eggplant, available from True Leaf Market. Common North American pests include the potato beetles, flea beetles, aphids, whiteflies, and spider mites. However, both varieties have a sweeter flavor and do not contain many seeds, which usually causes the … [9] In 2018, China and India combined accounted for 87% of the world production of eggplants. There are … Veg recipes of India. Your Price: $1.95 Add To Cart. In English usage, modern names deriving from Arabic bāḏinjān include: All the aubergine-type names have the same origin, in the Dravidian languages. Fruits are 6½ x 5 in. The name eggplant is usual in North American English and Australian English. Black Beauty is a traditional American heirloom cultivar first introduced in 1910. Seeds will germinate as long as the soil is at least 60°F, but you’ll be waiting for a while. As a test, you might want to leave one of the fruits that has turned from purple to green on the plant to see if it turns back to purple. Attested Greek forms include ματιζάνιον (matizanion, eleventh-century), μελιντζάνα (melintzana, fourteenth-century), and μελιντζάνιον (melintzanion, seventeenth-century). The dish has several variants, including rellenong talong which is stuffed with meat and vegetables. Elsewhere in China, such as in Yunnan cuisine (in particular the cuisine of the Dai people) they are barbecued or roasted, then split and either eaten directly with garlic, chilli, oil and coriander, or the flesh is removed and pounded to a mash (typically with a wooden pestle and mortar) before being eaten with rice or other dishes. Cool weather is the nemesis of the eggplant grower. You’ll get 100 seeds for this 2009 All-American Selection winner. [11] It has been cultivated in southern and eastern Asia since prehistory. Thin-skinned 2–3" long fruit with tender flavor, perfect for grilling or roasting. A 2008 study of a sample of 741 people in India, where eggplant is commonly consumed, found nearly 10% reported some allergic symptoms after consuming eggplant, with 1.4% showing symptoms within two hours. Shop great deals on Eggplant Seeds. One plant produces 4 to 6 large rounded fruit. Translated into English as 'mad-apple', 'rage-apple', or 'raging apple', this name for eggplants is attested from 1578 and the form 'mad-apple' may still be found in Southern American English. You'll find greener varieties, as well as white. Case reports of itchy skin or mouth, mild headache, and stomach upset after handling or eating eggplant have been reported anecdotally and published in medical journals (see also oral allergy syndrome). 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